Hydrocephalus ex-vacuo results from brain damage caused by stroke or injury. The symptoms of NPH usually get worse over time if the condition is not treated, although some people may experience temporary improvements. Sometimes NPH can be mistaken for Alzheimer's disease. The increase in cerebrospinal fluid in NPH occurs slowly enough that the tissues around the ventricles compensate and the fluid pressure inside the head does not increase. NPH causes problems with walking, bladder control, and difficulties thinking and reasoning. Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (NPH) can be the result of bleeding in the brain's CSF (also known as subarachnoid or intraventricular hemorrhage), head trauma, infection, tumor, or a complication of surgery. However, many people develop NPH when none of these factors are present. Non-communicating hydrocephalus happens when the flow of CSF is blocked along one or more of the narrow passages connecting the ventricles. This form is called communicating because the CSF can still flow between the ventricles and the passages between them remain open. Reduced flow and absorption of CSF into specialized blood vessels called arachnoid villi can also result in a buildup of CSF in the ventricles. Injury or stroke that causes bleeding in the brainĬommunicating hydrocephalus occurs when the flow of CSF is blocked after it exits the ventricles.Infections of the central nervous system such as bacterial meningitis.Infection during pregnancy such as rubella that can cause inflammation in the fetal brain tissueĬertain factors can increase the risk of developing hydrocephalus at any age, including:.Complications of premature birth such as bleeding within the ventricles.Developmental disorders such as those associated with birth defects in the brain, spine, or spinal cord.Inherited genetic abnormalities that block the flow of CSF.The number of people who develop hydrocephalus or who are currently living with it is difficult to establish because the condition occurs in children and adults and can develop later in life. Some estimates report one to two of every 1,000 babies are born with hydrocephalus.īabies may be born with hydrocephalus or develop the condition shortly after delivery. In these cases, hydrocephalus may be caused by: ![]() Loss of bladder control and/or frequent urination.
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